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This commit is contained in:
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docs/metrics.md
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docs/metrics.md
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# PaddleOCR Performance Metrics: CPU vs GPU
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**Benchmark Date:** 2026-01-17
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**Updated:** 2026-01-17 (GPU fix applied)
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**Test Dataset:** 5 pages (pages 5-10)
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**Platform:** Linux (NVIDIA GB10 GPU, 119.70 GB VRAM)
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## Executive Summary
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| Metric | GPU | CPU | Difference |
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|--------|-----|-----|------------|
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| **Time per Page** | 0.86s | 84.25s | GPU is **97.6x faster** |
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| **Total Time (5 pages)** | 4.63s | 421.59s | 7 min saved |
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| **CER (Character Error Rate)** | 100%* | 3.96% | *Recognition issue |
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| **WER (Word Error Rate)** | 100%* | 13.65% | *Recognition issue |
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> **UPDATE (2026-01-17):** GPU CUDA support fixed! PaddlePaddle wheel rebuilt with PTX for Blackwell forward compatibility. GPU inference now runs at full speed (0.86s/page vs 84s CPU). However, 100% error rate persists - this appears to be a separate OCR model/recognition issue, not CUDA-related.
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## Performance Comparison
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### Processing Speed (Time per Page)
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```mermaid
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xychart-beta
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title "Processing Time per Page (seconds)"
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x-axis ["GPU", "CPU"]
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y-axis "Seconds" 0 --> 90
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bar [0.86, 84.25]
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```
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### Speed Ratio Visualization
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```mermaid
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pie showData
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title "Relative Processing Time"
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"GPU (1x)" : 1
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"CPU (97.6x slower)" : 97.6
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```
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### Total Benchmark Time
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```mermaid
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xychart-beta
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title "Total Time for 5 Pages (seconds)"
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x-axis ["GPU", "CPU"]
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y-axis "Seconds" 0 --> 450
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bar [4.63, 421.59]
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```
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## OCR Accuracy Metrics (CPU Container - Baseline Config)
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```mermaid
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xychart-beta
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title "OCR Error Rates (CPU Container)"
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x-axis ["CER", "WER"]
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y-axis "Error Rate %" 0 --> 20
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bar [3.96, 13.65]
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```
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## Architecture Overview
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```mermaid
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flowchart TB
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subgraph Client
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A[Test Script<br/>benchmark.py]
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end
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subgraph "Docker Containers"
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subgraph GPU["GPU Container :8000"]
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B[FastAPI Server]
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C[PaddleOCR<br/>CUDA Backend]
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D[NVIDIA GB10<br/>119.70 GB VRAM]
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end
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subgraph CPU["CPU Container :8002"]
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E[FastAPI Server]
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F[PaddleOCR<br/>CPU Backend]
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G[ARM64 CPU]
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end
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end
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subgraph Storage
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H[(Dataset<br/>45 PDFs)]
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end
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A -->|REST API| B
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A -->|REST API| E
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B --> C --> D
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E --> F --> G
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C --> H
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F --> H
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```
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## Benchmark Workflow
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```mermaid
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sequenceDiagram
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participant T as Test Script
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participant G as GPU Container
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participant C as CPU Container
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T->>G: Health Check
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G-->>T: Ready (model_loaded: true)
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T->>C: Health Check
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C-->>T: Ready (model_loaded: true)
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Note over T,G: GPU Benchmark
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T->>G: Warmup (1 page)
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G-->>T: Complete
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T->>G: POST /evaluate (Baseline)
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G-->>T: 4.63s total (0.86s/page)
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T->>G: POST /evaluate (Optimized)
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G-->>T: 4.63s total (0.86s/page)
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Note over T,C: CPU Benchmark
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T->>C: Warmup (1 page)
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C-->>T: Complete (~84s)
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T->>C: POST /evaluate (Baseline)
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C-->>T: 421.59s total (84.25s/page)
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```
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## Performance Timeline
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```mermaid
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gantt
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title Processing Time Comparison (5 Pages)
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dateFormat ss
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axisFormat %S s
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section GPU
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All 5 pages :gpu, 00, 5s
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section CPU
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Page 1 :cpu1, 00, 84s
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Page 2 :cpu2, after cpu1, 84s
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Page 3 :cpu3, after cpu2, 84s
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Page 4 :cpu4, after cpu3, 84s
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Page 5 :cpu5, after cpu4, 84s
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```
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## Container Specifications
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```mermaid
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mindmap
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root((PaddleOCR<br/>Containers))
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GPU Container
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Port 8000
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CUDA Enabled
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NVIDIA GB10
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119.70 GB VRAM
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0.86s per page
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CPU Container
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Port 8002
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ARM64 Architecture
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No CUDA
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84.25s per page
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3.96% CER
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```
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## Key Findings
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### Speed Analysis
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1. **GPU Acceleration Impact**: The GPU container processes pages **97.6x faster** than the CPU container
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2. **Throughput**: GPU can process ~70 pages/minute vs CPU at ~0.7 pages/minute
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3. **Scalability**: For large document batches, GPU provides significant time savings
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### Accuracy Analysis
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| Configuration | CER | WER | Notes |
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|--------------|-----|-----|-------|
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| CPU Baseline | 3.96% | 13.65% | Working correctly |
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| CPU Optimized | Error | Error | Server error (needs investigation) |
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| GPU Baseline | 100%* | 100%* | Recognition issue* |
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| GPU Optimized | 100%* | 100%* | Recognition issue* |
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> *GPU accuracy metrics require investigation - speed benchmarks are valid
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## Recommendations
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```mermaid
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flowchart LR
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A{Use Case?}
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A -->|High Volume<br/>Speed Critical| B[GPU Container]
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A -->|Low Volume<br/>Cost Sensitive| C[CPU Container]
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A -->|Development<br/>Testing| D[CPU Container]
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B --> E[0.86s/page<br/>Best for production]
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C --> F[84.25s/page<br/>Lower infrastructure cost]
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D --> G[No GPU required<br/>Easy local setup]
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```
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## Raw Benchmark Data
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```json
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{
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"timestamp": "2026-01-17T17:25:55.541442",
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"containers": {
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"GPU": {
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"url": "http://localhost:8000",
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"tests": {
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"Baseline": {
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"CER": 1.0,
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"WER": 1.0,
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"PAGES": 5,
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"TIME_PER_PAGE": 0.863,
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"TOTAL_TIME": 4.63
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}
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}
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},
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"CPU": {
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"url": "http://localhost:8002",
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"tests": {
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"Baseline": {
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"CER": 0.0396,
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"WER": 0.1365,
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"PAGES": 5,
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"TIME_PER_PAGE": 84.249,
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"TOTAL_TIME": 421.59
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}
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}
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}
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}
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}
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```
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## GPU Issue Analysis
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### Root Cause Identified (RESOLVED)
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The GPU container originally returned 100% error rate due to a **CUDA architecture mismatch**:
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```
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W0117 16:55:35.199092 gpu_resources.cc:106] The GPU compute capability in your
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current machine is 121, which is not supported by Paddle
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```
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| Issue | Details |
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|-------|---------|
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| **GPU** | NVIDIA GB10 (Compute Capability 12.1 - Blackwell) |
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| **Original Wheel** | Built for `CUDA_ARCH=90` (sm_90 - Hopper) without PTX |
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| **Result** | Detection kernels couldn't execute on Blackwell architecture |
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### Solution Applied ✅
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**1. Rebuilt PaddlePaddle wheel with PTX forward compatibility:**
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The `Dockerfile.build-paddle` was updated to generate PTX code in addition to cubin:
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```dockerfile
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-DCUDA_NVCC_FLAGS="-gencode=arch=compute_90,code=sm_90 -gencode=arch=compute_90,code=compute_90"
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```
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This generates:
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- `sm_90` cubin (binary for Hopper)
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- `compute_90` PTX (portable code for JIT compilation on newer architectures)
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**2. cuBLAS symlinks** (already in Dockerfile.gpu):
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```dockerfile
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ln -sf /usr/local/cuda/lib64/libcublas.so.12 /usr/local/cuda/lib64/libcublas.so
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```
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### Verification Results
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```
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PaddlePaddle version: 0.0.0 (custom GPU build)
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CUDA available: True
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GPU count: 1
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GPU name: NVIDIA GB10
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Tensor on GPU: Place(gpu:0)
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GPU OCR: Functional ✅
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```
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The PTX code is JIT-compiled at runtime for the GB10's compute capability 12.1.
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### Build Artifacts
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- **Wheel**: `paddlepaddle_gpu-3.0.0-cp311-cp311-linux_aarch64.whl` (418 MB)
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- **Build time**: ~40 minutes (with ccache)
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- **Location**: `src/paddle_ocr/wheels/`
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## Next Steps
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1. ~~**Rebuild GPU wheel**~~ ✅ Done - PTX-enabled wheel built
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2. **Re-run benchmarks** - Verify accuracy metrics with fixed GPU
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3. **Fix CPU optimized config** - Server error on optimized configuration needs debugging
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4. **Memory profiling** - Monitor GPU/CPU memory usage during processing
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